Precision machining: It is realized by using precision machine tools, precision measuring tools and measuring instruments under strictly controlled environmental conditions. Machining accuracy of 0.1 microns or more is called ultra-precision machining. With the development of modern industry and the continuous changes in demand, precision machining has been a multi-faceted development. Its development direction is wider and wider, the direction is getting more and more detailed, and the direction of development is more and more present. Out of its specialization, with the development of science and technology, its technology has been continuously improved, and the quality and accuracy of processing have become higher and higher. The development of technology and economy has also tightly grasped the direction of the development of precision machining.
(1) Rough machining stage. Cutting off most of the machining allowances of each machining surface, and machining a fine benchmark, the main consideration is to increase productivity as much as possible.
(2) The semi-finishing stage. Cut off the defects that may occur after rough machining, prepare for the surface finishing, require a certain machining accuracy, ensure an appropriate finishing allowance, and complete the processing of the secondary surface.
(3) Finishing stage. At this stage, a large cutting speed, a small feed rate and a cutting depth are used to remove the finishing allowance left by the previous process, so that the surface of the part can meet the technical requirements of the pattern.
(4) Finishing processing stage. It is mainly used to reduce the surface roughness value or strengthen the processed surface, and is mainly used for surface processing with high surface roughness requirements (ra≤0.32μm).
(5) Ultra-precision processing stage. The processing accuracy is 0.1-0.01μm, and the surface roughness value ra is less than or equal to 0.001μm in the processing stage. The main processing methods are: precision cutting, precision mirror grinding, precision grinding and polishing.
With the development of the machinery industry, the emergence of new design theories and methods, new materials, and new processes, mechanical parts have entered a new stage of development. Therefore, in the future, precision machining will only become more and more integrated. It is no longer just a simple machining mode. It is now seamlessly linked with high-tech, but it can better play its role. , Especially the digitalization in the machining industry has made a qualitative leap in its development, which can better serve industrial development.
