Factors Affecting the Quality of CNC Machining Precision Parts
What are the factors that affect the quality of CNC machining precision parts? Today, mechanization and automation have become the mainstream of industry development. During the use of mechanical equipment composed of various parts, some parts lack coordination or cooperation, which is prone to problems. Specifications, performance, material usage, machine vibration, clamping pressure or loosening, elastic deformation process systems, worker operations, testing methods, inspector errors, etc. all affect the quality of processed products. When we talk about the quality of a working prototype, it's not hard to think of the following 5 main factors:
1. Operator
As the functions of CNC machines become more and more complex, the level of programmers and operators varies greatly. Combining the superb human skills with computer information technology can make the best use of the machine. Therefore, machine operators must be familiar with equipment performance. If the operator does not know enough about the performance of the equipment, he may misuse it, which will accelerate the wear of machine parts and even cause damage to the machine.
Therefore, it will require a lot of maintenance cost and long maintenance time. In order to restore the original precision of the equipment, the operator of the continuous casting machine must understand and master the machine manual and its operation precautions, so as to achieve civilized production and safe processing. It is necessary to strengthen the skills training of all processing and production personnel, reasonably arrange primary and secondary processing positions, and improve employees' quality awareness and sense of responsibility.
2. Machines
A complete continuous casting processing system consists of machine tools, workpieces, fixtures and tools. Machining accuracy is related to the accuracy of the entire process system. Various errors of the system will be reflected as machining tolerances in different forms under different circumstances. The accuracy of continuous casting machine is an important factor affecting the quality of prototype parts. When the machine accuracy is poor, some parts are damaged or the part gap is not adjusted properly, various defects will appear in the prototype during the CNC machining process.
Therefore, it is not only necessary to choose the appropriate turning angle, cutting amount and cc machining method, but also to understand the influence of machine tool accuracy on the cc machining quality. The maintenance of the machine directly affects the processing quality and production efficiency of the prototype. All machines must be properly maintained in order to work accurately and to extend their working life. Usually, after the machine has been running for 500 hours, it needs first-level maintenance.
3. CNC machining method
There are many CNC machining methods, and cutting is the most common one. During the cutting process, the workpiece is subjected to changes in force and heat, and the physical and mechanical properties of the metal material will be slightly hardened, so the selection of the tool plays an important role.
Generally speaking, the material for making the tool should be selected according to the material of the workpiece to be machined. Otherwise, thorns related to the tool will be formed on the surface of the workpiece, which will easily increase the roughness of the workpiece and reduce the surface quality. In addition to tool factors, cutting environment and cutting conditions, such as cutting amount, cutting lubrication, etc., also affect the processing quality.
In the CNC machining process, the machining system is the general commander of the entire cutting process. All CNC machining is carried out according to the system, so the precision and rigidity of the machining system are also one of the main factors affecting the machining quality. There are two principles for processing arrangements:
Decentralized processing: Complex parts are manufactured in multiple processes and decomposed into multiple machines for processing.
Processing: Compound machine functions, such as CNC turning and milling compounding, laser ultrasonic vibration machining, grinding, five-axis linkage, etc. All processes are completed by one machine. According to the structural analysis of the workpiece, different processing methods are also important factors affecting the processing quality.
4. Materials
Processing materials are generally divided into plastics and metals. Each material has its own characteristics. During the machining process, it is also very important to select the appropriate material according to the requirements and use of the workpiece. The consistency of the material is good, otherwise the quality of the same part may not be the same. When the hardness of the material is suitable, try to ensure that the material does not deform. These are important prerequisites for evaluating quality.
5. Check
After the machine parts have been machined, inspection is the last critical step before delivery to the customer. Machining inspection generally needs to pay attention to two aspects:
1. Inspection procedure
The inspection process includes the inspection process, as well as relevant laws, regulations, standards, etc. Generally speaking, the inspection process is the intervention of inspection into the production process, including first inspection, self-inspection, mutual inspection and full-time inspection.
2. Inspection method refers to how to inspect and test the standard. The inspection of processed parts is generally based on mechanical drawings, and the products are inspected with inspection instruments and measuring tools.
Traditional Machining Inspection and More Modern Machining Inspection
Traditional mechanical processing and testing instruments include dry ruler, dial indicator, vernier caliper, plane, ruler, level, plug gauge, ring gauge, etc. Modern inspection instruments for machining include optical collimators, projectors, three-dimensional measuring instruments, theodolites, and laser detectors.
Qualified mechanical product inspectors must master the knowledge of inspection instruments and measuring tools related to unit products.
In the CNC machining process, in order to control the machining quality, it is necessary to understand and analyze the various influencing factors that the machining quality cannot meet the requirements, and at the same time take effective technical measures to overcome. With the continuous improvement of modern production level, the requirements for the quality of processed products are getting higher and higher. Only by taking comprehensive measures for quality control, can the purpose of prolonging the service life of the equipment be finally achieved, and taking into account economic benefits and energy saving in the processing process. At the same time, ensuring the processing quality can promote the long-term and stable development of the machining industry.
